Guide
What determines the price of road transport
The price of road transport depends primarily on distance, weight and volume of cargo, the type of vehicle required, and current market availability. Road tolls, fuel prices, and seasonality also play a role. Below we discuss each factor.
Pricing factors
Distance and route
Distance is the primary pricing factor. It's not just about kilometers, but also the route: passing through countries with high road tolls (Germany, Austria, Switzerland) costs more than the same distance through Poland or the Czech Republic.
Weight and volume of cargo
The price depends on which is heavier in conversion: actual weight or volumetric weight. Light but voluminous cargo (e.g., furniture) may cost more than heavy but compact goods. The key metric is LDM, loading meters of floor space.
Vehicle type
Refrigerated transport costs 20-40% more than curtainside. A vehicle with a tail lift, mega trailer, ADR, every additional technical requirement affects the price. The more specialized the vehicle, the higher the cost.
Seasonality
During peak season (September-December, pre-holiday period) prices increase by as much as 30-50% due to limited vehicle availability. Summer and January are usually periods of lower rates.
Fuel prices and road tolls
Fuel accounts for 25-35% of transport cost. Road tolls (tolls, vignettes) vary significantly between countries. Passing through Germany generates higher road tolls than through most Central European countries.
Time and flexibility
Express transport or transport with a short delivery time costs more. Flexibility in the loading date allows the forwarder to optimally plan the route and offer a better price. Part loads (LTL) are cheaper but take longer.
What most affects the price
Approximate impact of individual factors on the final rate:
Distance
Greatest impact, basis of calculation
Vehicle type
Refrigerated +20-40%, ADR +30-50%
Season
Peak: +30-50% vs. low season
Fuel and tolls
25-35% of total cost
Frequently asked questions
Why does the transport price change throughout the year?
Transport prices depend on vehicle demand. During peak season (autumn, pre-holiday period) demand exceeds supply, which raises rates. During slower periods (January, summer) prices drop.
Is a part load (LTL) always cheaper than a full truck?
A part load is cheaper when you don't fill the entire vehicle. However, with cargo exceeding 10-12 europallets, the cost-effectiveness of part loads decreases and a dedicated vehicle may be more cost-effective.
How to reduce transport costs?
The most effective ways are: planning shipments in advance, flexibility in timelines, consolidating loads, ongoing cooperation with a carrier (contracts), and optimizing packaging for better use of cargo space.
See also: our services | outsourcing
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